Iraqi Journal of Embryos and Infertility Researches
https://ijeir.net/index.php/ijeir
<div class="CjVfdc">The Iraqi Journal of Embryos and Infertility Researches (IJEIR) is the first Iraqi journal in the field of infertility, clinical and applied embryology and Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART's). It is the official journal of the institute of embryos researches and infertility treatment (the former name of the Institute), the High Institute of Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive Technologies (current name) in Al Nahrain University. The first issue was released in 2011 after including in the Global Index for journals (ISSN: 2218 -0265). It has also been documented in the Iraqi National Library with an archive deposit number:1426-2010. The journal publishes articles and researches in the field of fertility, reproduction, special embryology and reproductive genetics fields. It is a peer reviewed journal, which specializes in providing the possibility for researchers to publish research, clinical and academic articles specialized in reproduction and infertility to humans, and animals. The journal covers a large area of scientific topics: Special Science of reproduction including physiology, pathology, urinary, science of cells, tissues cellular genetics and others. The journal publishes scientific articles in accordance with international standards and based on the evaluator scientific specialists inside and outside Iraq. It is issued twice a year to stay with a high and influential scientific level so topped the journal within prime location between scientific journals published by Al Nahrain University establishment. The journal is indexed in the Crossref and Iraqi Academic Scientific Journals. In addition to Publons website.</div>The High Institute for Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive Technologiesen-USIraqi Journal of Embryos and Infertility Researches2218-0265<div class="CjVfdc">All articles are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.</div> <div id="h.3b688g5i3sox" class="GV3q8e aP9Z7e"> </div> <div class="CjVfdc"> <div class="PPhIP rviiZ"> <div class="U26fgb mUbCce fKz7Od LRAOtb Znu9nd M9Bg4d" role="presentation" aria-describedby="h.3b688g5i3sox" aria-label="Copy heading link" aria-disabled="false" data-tooltip="Copy heading link" aria-hidden="true" data-tooltip-position="top" data-tooltip-vertical-offset="12" data-tooltip-horizontal-offset="0"> <div class="VTBa7b MbhUzd"> </div> </div> </div> <span class=" OGiC0d aw5Odc"><a class="XqQF9c" href="https://www.google.com/url?q=https%3A%2F%2Fcreativecommons.org%2Flicenses%2Fby%2F4.0%2F&sa=D&sntz=1&usg=AFQjCNHR4439nM4_Ar7-II5_R_iZxNxJdg" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</strong></a></span></div>Effect of Bisphenol A Level In Serum and Follicular Fluid On ICSI OutCome
https://ijeir.net/index.php/ijeir/article/view/79
<p>Infertility is the disability of a couple to obtain pregnancy after one year of <br />sexual intercourse that is unprotected and regular. Bisphenol A is an industrial <br />chemical spread worldwide, that is a raw material utilized in multiple <br />industries. Bisphenol A is assorted as an endocrine-disrupting chemical, <br />which can interfere with hormone activity. This study aimed to assess the <br />effect of BPA levels in serum on ICSI outcomes. The study was conducted at <br />the High Institute for Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive <br />Technologies / Al-Nahrain University during the period from October 2021 <br />to April 2022. sixty infertile women enrolled in this study. BPA levels were <br />analyzed through an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) <br />technique. Mean serum BPA was not significantly higher in non-pregnant <br />women in comparison with that of pregnant women. Serum BPA was <br />positively correlated to immature oocytes (MI) and abnormal oocytes. Also, <br />BPA inversely correlated to Grade1 embryos and positively correlated to <br />Grade 3 embryos. Bisphenol A can be detected in sera of infertile female <br />undergoing ICSI. High BPA level in serum may impact oocyte quality and <br />embryo grading</p>Sarah HamzaMuayad AbboodMufeda Jwad
Copyright (c) 2022 Sarah Hamza, Muayad Abbood, Mufeda Jwad
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2022-06-082022-06-0812111510.28969/IJEIR.v12.i1.r1.22Correlation of serum and follicular fluid EMMPRIN levels at day of ova pick up and embryo transfer to endometrial thickness and its effect on ICSI outcomes in fresh cycles
https://ijeir.net/index.php/ijeir/article/view/78
<p>EMMPRIN (Basigin) is a potent inducer of matrix metalloproteinases <br />(MMPs). Expression of EMMPRIN in the uterus has a very important <br />role in implantation of embryo, this study was conducted to evaluate the <br />relationship of pregnancy rates with EMMPRIN levels in follicular fluid <br />and serum of intracytoplasmic sperm injection patients. The study was <br />cross sectional study analyzed the serum and follicular fluid samples of <br />58 patients undergo ICSI procedure. The serum and follicular fluid <br />samples were collected from infertile women aged 20 to 42 years. <br />However, the levels of EMMPRIN were measured in the serum and <br />follicular fluid samples and these samples were obtained during oocytes <br />retrieval and another serum samples were collected at the day of embryo <br />transfer. All women have ovarian stimulation with recombinant follicle <br />stimulating hormone (FSH) at the second or third day of the cycle. <br />Result: The pregnancy rate was 27.6 %. The present study showed that <br />EMMPRIN in serum and follicular fluid at day of ova pickup and its level <br />at embryo transfer day, are significantly low in pregnant women (p < <br />0.05) compared to non-pregnant women. The statistical analysis showed <br />no significant correlation between serum and follicular fluid EMMPRIN <br />with endometrial thickness (p > 0.05).<br />EMMPRIN level can be used as a promising parameter for the prediction <br />of pregnancy rate in ICSI cycles</p>Methaq AlmousaAmal Abdulwahid MohammedAli Ibrahim Rahim
Copyright (c) 2023 Methaq Almousa, Amal Abdulwahid Mohammed, Ali Ibrahim Rahim
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2022-06-082022-06-08121162510.28969/IJEIR.v12.i1.r2.22Assessment of Cortisol Hormonal Level and Relation With Age in Infertile Women With ICSI Outcome
https://ijeir.net/index.php/ijeir/article/view/97
<p> In human-assisted reproduction both partners need to be evaluated during counseling because causes of infertility are due to male factors and female factors. some body hormones play important role in fertile women and cortisol one of these hormones which is essential for normal ovulation, cortisol usually increases during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, play a role in the early stages of follicular development by their interaction with aromatase activity and granulose cell functions. To investigate the correlation of cortisol hormonal level in serum and in follicular fluid that relationship with age in women under Intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcome. Its randomized prospective clinical trial study performance conducting in the Higher Institute for Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive Technologies / AlNahrain University, Baghdad-Iraq, during the period from November2021to June 2022. a total of Sixty-three Infertile Iraqi women, who planned to inter intrasytoplasmic sperm injection program. The blood sample and follicular fluid sample obtained from all infertile women inter intracytoplasmic sperm injection program to measure cortisol hormonal level at specific days of this study. There was increase in cortisol level in women aged between (30-40) years, So there was significant finding between cortisol level and this age group and there was increase in cortisol level in women aged < 30 years at the same day and no significant difference in cortisol level in women age more than 40. Significant differences in cortisol level appear in group of women age between (30-40) years, also the same result appears in group of women age more than > 40 years and no significant differences in cortisol level in women aged < 30. No significant differences in cortisol level in all age women group (30-40) years, <30 years ,and the women age > 40 years.</p>Noor MahmoodRana A. Al SaadiEssra M. Al-EsaweeFarah Abdulhussein Mohammed
Copyright (c) 2023 Noor Mahmood, Rana A. Al Saadi, Essra M. Al-Esawee , Farah A. Mohammed
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2022-06-122022-06-12121263610.28969/IJEIR.v12.i1.r3.22Evaluation of LH Level at Different Time Points During the Follicular phase in ICSI Cycle and Correlation with Pregnancy
https://ijeir.net/index.php/ijeir/article/view/91
<p>Luteinizing hormone (LH) plays vital role for optimal follicular growth, maturation <br />and is responsible for inducing ovulation, various protocols in ICSI cycles used to <br />prevent the premature surge of luteinizing hormone. Currently, flexible GnRH <br />antagonist protocols appears to be mostly used protocols. individualization of <br />controlled ovarian hyper stimulation (COS) needs better timing of antagonist <br />administration, assessing variation in LH levels during COS helps in determining <br />appropriate initiation of inhibition .This prospective comparative observational <br />analysis was made on one hundred twenty females with infertility who were <br />undergoing ICSI flexible antagonist protocol at the “High Institute for Infertility <br />Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive Technologies/Al-Nahrain University” from <br />October 2020 to April 2022, primary infertility was the with higher percentage <br />(78.3%) than the secondary type. However; the main cause of infertility among the <br />participant was male type (36.7%) fallowed by the combined one (20.8%). A highly <br />significant difference was present in LH levels at all time points, with level decreasing <br />from 4.99 ± 1.90 at baseline to 4.82± 2.15 at antagonist starting day to 1.63± 0.87 at <br />trigger day and p value was > 0.001, no statistical difference in LH levels regarding <br />the three time points between patients who get pregnant and non-pregnant women <br />with pregnant patients having higher baseline lower antagonist starting day, and <br />higher trigger LH levels 5.16 ± 1.87, 4.30 ± 1.72, 4.30 ± 1.72 respectively. Difference <br />in LH level between cycle day 2 and the day of antagonist starting according to <br />starting day of antagonist reveals that the basal LH values declined significantly (p= <br /><0.001) until cycle day 7 of stimulation after which the basal LH start to increase and <br />also with a high significant difference (negative values mean that the level decrease <br />in comparison to the base line level).The comparable LH level in the current study <br />reveals that earlier initiation of antagonist may serve no purpose and it is advisable to <br />include the measurement of LH level to the criteria of antagonist initiation for better <br />individualization and better outcome and to avoid un necessary earlier start of <br />antagonist.</p>Sahar muhssinLubna AL-Anbari
Copyright (c) 2023 Sahar muhssin, Lubna A. AL-Anbari
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2022-06-122022-06-12121375410.28969/IJEIR.v12.i1.r4.22the effect of in vitro exposure to certain metformin doses on the motility of human spermatozoa
https://ijeir.net/index.php/ijeir/article/view/76
<p>Metformin is an anti-hyperglycemic medication used to treat type 2 <br />diabetes mellitus. Regardless of its anti-diabetic effect, metformin has a <br />non-genomic action and it could be a beneficial additive to treat the sperm <br />which considered as transcriptionally dormant cell and also a molecule <br />that could rapidly adjust the metabolism of spermatozoa to adapt it to the <br />surrounding environment. Sixty-four normozoospermic semen sample <br />included in the study. Each sample incubated for 30 minutes with <br />metformin (2.5 and 0.5 µM) and SFA was conducted to each sample.<br />There was a significant decrease in total motility (progressive and nonprogressive)</p> <p>in samples incubated with both concentrations compared <br />with the neat samples. While the samples incubated with 0.5 µM shows <br />a lower motility compared with 2.5 µM. Metformin significantly reduced <br />total motility of fresh spermatozoa at both concentrations.</p>Fatima Emad Al-Nashme Wasan Adnan Al-Jubory
Copyright (c) 2022 Fatima Emad Al-Nashme , Wasan Adnan Al-Jubory
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2022-06-122022-06-12121556710.28969/IJEIR.v12.i1.r5.22The significance of PlGF in the progression of the ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in patient undergoing an in vitro fertilization procedure
https://ijeir.net/index.php/ijeir/article/view/80
<p>Background: Placenta growth factor is, VEGF family member, a Pleiotropic Factor affects a variety of cell types and regulates various biological responses. PlGF is similar in structure and function to VEGF, and it amplifies VEGF's angiogenic actions. Ovulation stimulation during cycles of in vitro fertilization (IVF) for the mangment of infertility results in ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), an iatrogenic side effect. Considering potential roles of PlGF and its receptor (sflt-1) in angiogenesis, the association of these factors with OHSS among study women during controlled ovarian stimulation have evaluated in the present study.</p> <p>Methods<strong>: </strong> comparative cross sectional study including of 60 women who go through controlled ovarian stimulation. On oocyte retrieval day, their serum and follicular fluid were taken. The concentrations of PlGF and sFlt-1 were assessed using ELISA.</p> <p>Results: Eighteen patients presented with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) and 42 patients were no OHSS. There was significantly higher serum PIGF in women with OHSS patients as compared to women with no OHSS, 141.4 ± 11.8 versus 91.9 ± 5.4 respectively (<em>p</em><0.001). Furthermore Follicular fluid PlGF there was significantly higher in women with OHSS patients as compared to women with no OHSS, 163.4 ± 7.2 versus 91.1 ± 5.5 respectively (<em>p</em><0.001).additionally Follicular fluids PlGF/sFlt ratio significantly higher in women with OHSS patients as compared to women with no OHSS, 0.034 ± 0.01 versus 0.026 ± 0.01 respectively (<em>p</em><0.001). On the contrary there was significantly lower serum and follicular fluid sFlt in ovarian hyper-stimulated patients</p> <p><strong>Conclusions</strong>: These statistics show that serum and FF PlGF and PlGF to sFlt ratio higher in women with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) patients as compared to women with no OHSS. So the PlGF may be played an important a role in angiogenesis dysregulation.</p>Aliyah Dhahir AL GannasLubna Amer Al-AnbariRehab Shafiq Al-Maliki
Copyright (c) 2023 Aliyah Dhahir AL Gannas, Lubna Amer Al-Anbari , Rhehab Sh. Al Maliki
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2022-06-122022-06-12121688510.28969/IJEIR.v12.i1.r6.22Effects of PRP Intratesticle Injection in Non-Obstructive Azoospermic Infertile Men in vivo on Spermatogenesis and Reproductive Hormonal Levels(FSH and LH)
https://ijeir.net/index.php/ijeir/article/view/85
<p>Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) is the absence of sperm in infertile <br />men ejaculate as a result of significant spermatogenesis defects or <br />hormonal malfunction. PRP intratesticular injection may be employed in <br />assisted reproductive technology as a therapeutic effect for this problem. <br />The aim is to assess the level of spermatogenesis and reproductive <br />hormones after PRP autologous intratesticular injection. 50 nonabstructive azoospermia infertile men participated in the current study. <br />The patients were given an intra-testicular injection of platelet-rich <br />plasma using a 1 ml syringe; FSH LH hormonal levels were estimated; if<br />there was no sperm count, the patient should be prepared for a testicular <br />biopsy by the expert doctor. Small number of sperm may be discovered <br />during a biopsy while the testes are being examined in the lab. The <br />therapeutic benefits were seen in 15 patients 3-4 months after using <br />autologous platelet-rich plasma. The results showed that there was a <br />highly significant difference in FSH and LH hormonal levels after PRP <br />injection P(0.001). PRP can help non-obstructive azoospermic infertile <br />males with their testis' structural and functional dysfunction.</p>Rasha HassanDr.ula Al-kawazRana S.Al.Saadi
Copyright (c) 2023 Rasha Hassan, Ula Al-kawaz, Rana S.Al.Saadi
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2022-06-122022-06-12121869310.28969/IJEIR.v12.i1.r7.22Relation of serum and follicular level of GDF9 to oocyte quality, embryo quality and pregnancy rate
https://ijeir.net/index.php/ijeir/article/view/86
<p>It is well known that oocyte quality is essential in the determination of<br />the developmental potential of the fertilized oocytes. The oocyte <br />developmental potential decreases in all species with increasing age.<br />Use of serum and follicular fluid concentration of GDF9 as biomarkers <br />of oocyte and embryo quality and their relation to pregnancy rate.<br />Eighty-eight women were included in this study are selected from those <br />undergoing intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection.<br />Positive pregnancy was achieved by 14 women. The difference in mean <br />serum and follicular GDF9 between pregnant and non-pregnant women <br />was not significant. MI oocyte count was not significantly correlated to <br />serum and follicular GDF9 (p > 0.05). MII oocyte count showed a nonsignificant correlation to serum and follicular GDF9 (p > 0.05). Grade 1 <br />embryo count showed a non-significant correlation to serum and <br />follicular GDF9. Grade 2 embryo count showed a non-significant <br />correlation to serum and follicular GDF9. Also, grade 3 embryo count <br />showed a non-significant correlation to serum and follicular GDF9.<br />The current study revealed that serum and follicular GDF9 could not be <br />used as indicators for oocyte maturity, embryo quality, or pregnancy rate</p>zainab Hassan HashimLubna Amer Al-AnbariEstabraq Al-Wasiti
Copyright (c) 2023 Zainab Hassan Hashim, Lubna Amer Al-Anbari, Estabraq Al-Wasiti
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2022-06-122022-06-121219410810.28969/IJEIR.v12.i1.r8.22