Iraqi Journal of Embryos and Infertility Researches

Effect of Bisphenol A Level In Serum and Follicular Fluid On ICSI OutCome

Sarah Hamza — 2022-06-08

Infertility is the disability of a couple to obtain pregnancy after one year of
sexual intercourse that is unprotected and regular. Bisphenol A is an industrial
chemical spread worldwide, that is a raw material utilized in multiple
industries. Bisphenol A is assorted as an endocrine-disrupting chemical,
which can interfere with hormone activity. This study aimed to assess the
effect of BPA levels in serum on ICSI outcomes. The study was conducted at
the High Institute for Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive
Technologies / Al-Nahrain University during the period from October 2021
to April 2022. sixty infertile women enrolled in this study. BPA levels were
analyzed through an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
technique. Mean serum BPA was not significantly higher in non-pregnant
women in comparison with that of pregnant women. Serum BPA was
positively correlated to immature oocytes (MI) and abnormal oocytes. Also,
BPA inversely correlated to Grade1 embryos and positively correlated to
Grade 3 embryos. Bisphenol A can be detected in sera of infertile female
undergoing ICSI. High BPA level in serum may impact oocyte quality and
embryo grading

Correlation of serum and follicular fluid EMMPRIN levels at day of ova pick up and embryo transfer to endometrial thickness and its effect on ICSI outcomes in fresh cycles

Methaq Almousa — 2022-06-08

EMMPRIN (Basigin) is a potent inducer of matrix metalloproteinases
(MMPs). Expression of EMMPRIN in the uterus has a very important
role in implantation of embryo, this study was conducted to evaluate the
relationship of pregnancy rates with EMMPRIN levels in follicular fluid
and serum of intracytoplasmic sperm injection patients. The study was
cross sectional study analyzed the serum and follicular fluid samples of
58 patients undergo ICSI procedure. The serum and follicular fluid
samples were collected from infertile women aged 20 to 42 years.
However, the levels of EMMPRIN were measured in the serum and
follicular fluid samples and these samples were obtained during oocytes
retrieval and another serum samples were collected at the day of embryo
transfer. All women have ovarian stimulation with recombinant follicle
stimulating hormone (FSH) at the second or third day of the cycle.
Result: The pregnancy rate was 27.6 %. The present study showed that
EMMPRIN in serum and follicular fluid at day of ova pickup and its level
at embryo transfer day, are significantly low in pregnant women (p <
0.05) compared to non-pregnant women. The statistical analysis showed
no significant correlation between serum and follicular fluid EMMPRIN
with endometrial thickness (p > 0.05).
EMMPRIN level can be used as a promising parameter for the prediction
of pregnancy rate in ICSI cycles

Assessment of Cortisol Hormonal Level and Relation With Age in Infertile Women With ICSI Outcome

Noor Mahmood — 2022-06-12

In human-assisted reproduction both partners need to be evaluated during counseling because causes of infertility are due to male factors and female factors. some body hormones play important role in fertile women and cortisol one of these hormones which is essential for normal ovulation, cortisol usually increases during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, play a role in the early stages of follicular development by their interaction with aromatase activity and granulose cell functions. To investigate the correlation of cortisol hormonal level in serum and in follicular fluid that relationship with age in women under Intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcome. Its randomized prospective clinical trial study performance conducting in the Higher Institute for Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive Technologies / AlNahrain University, Baghdad-Iraq, during the period from November2021to June 2022. a total of Sixty-three Infertile Iraqi women, who planned to inter intrasytoplasmic sperm injection program. The blood sample and follicular fluid sample obtained from all infertile women inter intracytoplasmic sperm injection program to measure cortisol hormonal level at specific days of this study. There was increase in cortisol level in women aged between (30-40) years, So there was significant finding between cortisol level and this age group and there was increase in cortisol level in women aged < 30 years at the same day and no significant difference in cortisol level in women age more than 40. Significant differences in cortisol level appear in group of women age between (30-40) years, also the same result appears in group of women age more than > 40 years and no significant differences in cortisol level in women aged < 30. No significant differences in cortisol level in all age women group (30-40) years, <30 years ,and the women age > 40 years.

Evaluation of LH Level at Different Time Points During the Follicular phase in ICSI Cycle and Correlation with Pregnancy

Sahar muhssin — 2022-06-12

Luteinizing hormone (LH) plays vital role for optimal follicular growth, maturation
and is responsible for inducing ovulation, various protocols in ICSI cycles used to
prevent the premature surge of luteinizing hormone. Currently, flexible GnRH
antagonist protocols appears to be mostly used protocols. individualization of
controlled ovarian hyper stimulation (COS) needs better timing of antagonist
administration, assessing variation in LH levels during COS helps in determining
appropriate initiation of inhibition .This prospective comparative observational
analysis was made on one hundred twenty females with infertility who were
undergoing ICSI flexible antagonist protocol at the “High Institute for Infertility
Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive Technologies/Al-Nahrain University” from
October 2020 to April 2022, primary infertility was the with higher percentage
(78.3%) than the secondary type. However; the main cause of infertility among the
participant was male type (36.7%) fallowed by the combined one (20.8%). A highly
significant difference was present in LH levels at all time points, with level decreasing
from 4.99 ± 1.90 at baseline to 4.82± 2.15 at antagonist starting day to 1.63± 0.87 at
trigger day and p value was > 0.001, no statistical difference in LH levels regarding
the three time points between patients who get pregnant and non-pregnant women
with pregnant patients having higher baseline lower antagonist starting day, and
higher trigger LH levels 5.16 ± 1.87, 4.30 ± 1.72, 4.30 ± 1.72 respectively. Difference
in LH level between cycle day 2 and the day of antagonist starting according to
starting day of antagonist reveals that the basal LH values declined significantly (p=
<0.001) until cycle day 7 of stimulation after which the basal LH start to increase and
also with a high significant difference (negative values mean that the level decrease
in comparison to the base line level).The comparable LH level in the current study
reveals that earlier initiation of antagonist may serve no purpose and it is advisable to
include the measurement of LH level to the criteria of antagonist initiation for better
individualization and better outcome and to avoid un necessary earlier start of
antagonist.

the effect of in vitro exposure to certain metformin doses on the motility of human spermatozoa

Fatima Emad Al-Nashme — 2022-06-12

Metformin is an anti-hyperglycemic medication used to treat type 2
diabetes mellitus. Regardless of its anti-diabetic effect, metformin has a
non-genomic action and it could be a beneficial additive to treat the sperm
which considered as transcriptionally dormant cell and also a molecule
that could rapidly adjust the metabolism of spermatozoa to adapt it to the
surrounding environment. Sixty-four normozoospermic semen sample
included in the study. Each sample incubated for 30 minutes with
metformin (2.5 and 0.5 µM) and SFA was conducted to each sample.
There was a significant decrease in total motility (progressive and nonprogressive)

in samples incubated with both concentrations compared
with the neat samples. While the samples incubated with 0.5 µM shows
a lower motility compared with 2.5 µM. Metformin significantly reduced
total motility of fresh spermatozoa at both concentrations.

The significance of PlGF in the progression of the ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in patient undergoing an in vitro fertilization procedure

Aliyah Dhahir AL Gannas — 2022-06-12

Background: Placenta growth factor is, VEGF family member, a Pleiotropic Factor affects a variety of cell types and regulates various biological responses. PlGF is similar in structure and function to VEGF, and it amplifies VEGF's angiogenic actions. Ovulation stimulation during cycles of in vitro fertilization (IVF) for the mangment of infertility results in ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), an iatrogenic side effect. Considering potential roles of PlGF and its receptor (sflt-1) in angiogenesis, the association of these factors with OHSS among study women during controlled ovarian stimulation have evaluated in the present study.

Methods: comparative cross sectional study including of 60 women who go through controlled ovarian stimulation. On oocyte retrieval day, their serum and follicular fluid were taken. The concentrations of PlGF and sFlt-1 were assessed using ELISA.

Results: Eighteen patients presented with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) and 42 patients were no OHSS. There was significantly higher serum PIGF in women with OHSS patients as compared to women with no OHSS, 141.4 ± 11.8 versus 91.9 ± 5.4 respectively (p<0.001). Furthermore Follicular fluid PlGF there was significantly higher in women with OHSS patients as compared to women with no OHSS, 163.4 ± 7.2 versus 91.1 ± 5.5 respectively (p<0.001).additionally Follicular fluids PlGF/sFlt ratio significantly higher in women with OHSS patients as compared to women with no OHSS, 0.034 ± 0.01 versus 0.026 ± 0.01 respectively (p<0.001). On the contrary there was significantly lower serum and follicular fluid sFlt in ovarian hyper-stimulated patients

Conclusions: These statistics show that serum and FF PlGF and PlGF to sFlt ratio higher in women with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) patients as compared to women with no OHSS. So the PlGF may be played an important a role in angiogenesis dysregulation.

Effects of PRP Intratesticle Injection in Non-Obstructive Azoospermic Infertile Men in vivo on Spermatogenesis and Reproductive Hormonal Levels(FSH and LH)

Rasha Hassan — 2022-06-12

Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) is the absence of sperm in infertile
men ejaculate as a result of significant spermatogenesis defects or
hormonal malfunction. PRP intratesticular injection may be employed in
assisted reproductive technology as a therapeutic effect for this problem.
The aim is to assess the level of spermatogenesis and reproductive
hormones after PRP autologous intratesticular injection. 50 nonabstructive azoospermia infertile men participated in the current study.
The patients were given an intra-testicular injection of platelet-rich
plasma using a 1 ml syringe; FSH LH hormonal levels were estimated; if
there was no sperm count, the patient should be prepared for a testicular
biopsy by the expert doctor. Small number of sperm may be discovered
during a biopsy while the testes are being examined in the lab. The
therapeutic benefits were seen in 15 patients 3-4 months after using
autologous platelet-rich plasma. The results showed that there was a
highly significant difference in FSH and LH hormonal levels after PRP
injection P(0.001). PRP can help non-obstructive azoospermic infertile
males with their testis' structural and functional dysfunction.

Relation of serum and follicular level of GDF9 to oocyte quality, embryo quality and pregnancy rate

zainab Hassan Hashim — 2022-06-12

It is well known that oocyte quality is essential in the determination of
the developmental potential of the fertilized oocytes. The oocyte
developmental potential decreases in all species with increasing age.
Use of serum and follicular fluid concentration of GDF9 as biomarkers
of oocyte and embryo quality and their relation to pregnancy rate.
Eighty-eight women were included in this study are selected from those
undergoing intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection.
Positive pregnancy was achieved by 14 women. The difference in mean
serum and follicular GDF9 between pregnant and non-pregnant women
was not significant. MI oocyte count was not significantly correlated to
serum and follicular GDF9 (p > 0.05). MII oocyte count showed a nonsignificant correlation to serum and follicular GDF9 (p > 0.05). Grade 1
embryo count showed a non-significant correlation to serum and
follicular GDF9. Grade 2 embryo count showed a non-significant
correlation to serum and follicular GDF9. Also, grade 3 embryo count
showed a non-significant correlation to serum and follicular GDF9.
The current study revealed that serum and follicular GDF9 could not be
used as indicators for oocyte maturity, embryo quality, or pregnancy rate